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The network planning and design is an iterative process encompassing topological design, network synthesis, and network realization and is aimed at ensuring that a new telecommunications network or service network or service meets the needs of the subscriber and operator.
The process can be tailored according to each new network or service. A Traditional network planning methodology in the context of business decisions involves five layers of planning, namely:
Five Layers of Planning
Need Assessment And Resource Assessment
Short-Term Network Planning
IT Resource
Operations And Maintenance
Long-Term And Medium-Term Networking Planning
Each of these layers incorporates plans for different time horizons, i.e., the Business Planning layer determines the planning the operator must perform to ensure that the network will perform as required for its intended lifespan. However, the Operations and Maintenance layer examines how the network will run daily.
The network planning process begins with the acquisition of external information.
This includes
01.
Forecast of how the new Network/Service will operate.
02.
The financial information concerning costs.
03.
The technical details of the network capabilities.
Planning a new network/service involves implementing the system across the first four layers of the OSI Reference Model. In addition, choices must be made for the protocols and transformation technologies. The network planning process involves three main steps:
Topological Design
This stage involves determining where to place the components and how to connect them. The (Topological) optimization methods that can be used in this stage come from an area of mathematics called Graph Theory.
Network Synthesis
This stage determines the components' size, subject to performance criteria such as the Grade of Services (GOS). The method used is known as "Nonlinear Optimization" and involves determining the topology, required GOS, cost of transmission, etc., and using this information to calculate a routing plan and the size of the components.
Network Realization
This stage involves determining how to meet capacity requirements and ensures reliability within the network. It consists in determining all information relating to demand, costs, and reliability and then using this information to calculate an actual physical circuit plan.
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